As documented in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, this species has an extremely large range and are known to be the native raptor of Pakistan, Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Islamic Republic of, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of, Korea, Republic of, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Nepal, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Russian Federation, Russian Federation, (Serbia), Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Taiwan, Province of China, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Switzerland.

White-tailed Eagle requires an outsized and open area of lake, coast or river valley, within the temperate, tundra and boreal zones close by to uninterrupted cliffs or open stands of gigantic, old-growth trees for nesting. Its feeds on vertebrates fish, mammals and especially birds from oceanic, freshwater and terrestrial habitats. It is generally migratory in the north and east of its breeding range, but inactive in a different place.

This species has wide “barn door” wings, a big head and an outsized thick beak. The mature is mostly grayish-brown apart from for the slightly paler head and neck, blackish flight feathers, and characteristic white tail. All uncovered parts are yellow in color, including both the bill and the legs. In immature birds, the tail and bill are shady, with the tail flattering white with a dark terminal band in adults. Some individuals have been found to survive over 25 years, 21 years being the standard. The Haliaeetus albicilla is a very large bird. It measures 26–37 inches in length with a 5.8–8.0 feet wingspan.

Threats that affect this species include loss and degradation of wetlands, human uproar and maltreatment, ecological contamination, collision with wind turbines and haphazard use of poisons. Contemporary forestry methods reduce the accessibility of suitable nesting habitat. Although some losses may be taking place in Asian Russia owing to enlarged logging and oil manufacturing development, these are outweighed by increases in Europe.